Tuft pile fabric loom



Jan. 16, 1934. J, COYLE 1,944,121

TUFT FILE FABRIC BOOM Filed June 13, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 a? I NV1 5NTOR Q ATTBRNEY Jan. 16, 1934. J, COYLE I 1,944,121

TUFT PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed June 13, 1933 3 Sheets-$heet 3 3.9 fi nnl l 40 ATTORNE Y forming tuft yarns.

Patented Jan. 16, 1934 PATENT OFFICE 1,944,121 'rur'r PILE FABRIC LOOM Joseph A. Coyle, Amsterdam, N. Y., assignor to Bigelow-Sanford Carpet 00., Inc., Thompsonvllle, Conm, a corporation of Massachusetts Application June 13, 1933. Serial No. 675,519

8 Claims.

This invention relates to tuft pile fabric looms, wherein the pile surface is produced by yarns delivered at the weaving point from an extraneous supply.

It is now the general practice in weaving tuft pile fabrics, such for instance as Axminster and like carpets and rugs, to pass the pile forming tuft yarns between the warp threads with the free ends of such yarns extending beyond or below the warp, and after the introduction of a holding weft shot, to turn the extending ends of the tuft yarns upwardly between the warp threads. This has been possible by the use of jute or similar hard weft threads which would not be materially crimped or bent by the weaving tension of the warp with the result that little or no lateral shrinkage occurred at the fell of the cloth and the warp threads would remain in substantially their established pitch or laterally separated condition for the introduction of the pile In weaving with more tender weft, such as cotton and the like, which is readily crimped or bent by the weaving tension of the warp, a marked lateral contraction or shrinkage at the fell of the cloth is liable to occur causing displacement of the warp threads from their established pitch relation, so that the pile forming tufts could not be introduced between the proper warp threads with the result that imperfections become observable in the completed fabric.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a tuft pile fabric loom with means for so coordinating the pile forming tuft yarns and the warp threads that the former shall be tightened about the holding weft shot between the proper warp threads regardless of the character of weft and whether it be of the harder or more tender type.

As contributing to this end the present invention provides means for wiping in the tuft yarns with their free ends resting against the reed where they are straightened by a tuft yarn placer carried on the weft inserting needle, and further provides a warp pitch controller mounted below the warp and having teeth which are projected between the warp threads at all times except during the beat up action of the lay, so that the warp threads remain in their established pitch relation to cooperate with the tuft yarns. To further insure a proper pitch relation of the warp threads at the time the warp pitch controller is withdrawn for the beat up, the present invention includes means operating between the selvage cords and warp threads to maintain the desired spread of the warp until the warp pitch controller again takes charge of the warp threads.

This last recited feature is important inasmuch as the contraction or shrinkage at the fell of the cloth and of the warp is manifested most at the cloth selvage adjacent the fell particularly on the beat up, so the present invention provides that the selvage finger or plate shall be moved towards the fell of the cloth at the time of the lay forward movement, with the result that the pitch of the warp threads is effectively maintained throughout the loom operation.

The invention and novel features thereof will best be made clear from the following description and accompanying drawings of one practical embodiment thereof.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of a tuft pile fabric loom containing the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of those features constituting the main elements of the invention, some of the parts being shown in section and others broken away;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation showing the relation of parts during the wiping in operation;

Fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation showing the relation of parts at the moment of beat up;

Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the relation of 1 parts after the beat up;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a portion of the reed showing the action of the tuft yarn placer as the weft needle passes through the shed; and

Fig. 7 is a detached elevation of the warp pitch controller. I

The loom frame may be of any usual or desired construction for supporting the operating parts, and in the present instance of the invention it comprises the side frames 1 which are connected by cross girths 2 and 3, Fig. l. Extending between the side frames of the loom at the front top portion thereof is the breast beam 4 which, in the present instance, affords a convenient support for a breast plate 5 over which the fabric 11 passes as woven.

The warp threads b and c are controlled as usual by the harness frames 6 and 7 in the formation of the shed. These parts may be as usual and as herein typified are of a rather simple construction for clearness of illustration and description.

Extending transversely of the loom frame is the lay rocker shaft 8 to which is secured the lay 9 carrying the usual reed 10, and extending downwardly from the shaft 8 is the operating arm 11 connected to a actuating rod 12 which may be 110 operated from any going part of the loom, as usual, so that the lay and reed are given their customary movements.

The pile forming tufts are supplied from an extraneous source and as shown such tuft yarns are carried by the spool frames which are customarily detachably mounted on a carrier or chain. The details of the parts just described are not shown as they are now well understood by those familiar with this type of loom and form no special part of the present invention except as hereinafter pointed out.

Rising from the side frames of the loom are the uprights 13 on which are mounted the transferrer arms 14 appropriately actuated as usual to take a spool frame 15 from the source of supply and present the tuft yarns to the weaving point.

In accordance with the present invention the free ends of the tuft yarns 16 are tohe laid against the reed and a bend or bight 17 is to be formed between the free ends of the tuft yarns and the tubes 18, Fig. 3, through which the tuft yarns extend thereby providing a passage for the weft inserting needle, Fig. 3. The tilting movement of the spool frame may be conveniently accomplished by any of the well known means and as herein shown a rod 20 has one end connected to the spool frame and the other end attached to one end of a lever 21 mounted on the uprights 13 and actuated by a going part of the loom in timed relation with the associated parts by a rod 22, Fig. 1, the result being that when the tuft yarns are introduced to the weaving point the free ends of such yarns rest upon the reed which at the time, of course, is substantially in its rearward position, as indicated in Fig. 3.

The needle 23 may be operated as usual for carrying the weft thread through the shed, Fig. 6, and as shown in the present instance the weft thread passes through an eye 24 formed in the needle.

As best shown in Fig. 6 the needle 23 is provided with a tuft yarn placer 25 formed as a lateral projection at the side of the needle and having an inclined leading end portion 26 which engages and straightens the tuft yarns against the reed and prevents them from falling across the path of the needle and being placed in front of the weft instead of behind it, so that under the construction described the tuft yarns may be looped about the holding weft shot.

In weaving with a tender yam such as cotton or the like there is a tendency for the fabric and perforce the warp threads to contract or shrink widthwise, but in order that the tuft yarns shall be looped about the holding weft shot and between the appropriate warp threads it is essential that the established pitch or lateral relation between the warp threads be maintained and the present invention therefore provides a warp pitch controller for maintaining the established pitch of the warp threads and a proper coordination between such threads and the tuft yarns such that the latter may be passed about the holding weft shot between the proper warp threads.

In the present instance of the invention the warp pitch controller comprises a carrier 27 having secured thereto the operating element 28 of the pitch controller which comprises a plate, Fig. 7, having a series of teeth with the openings thereof spaced in accordance with the established pitch of the warp threads. The carrier 27 is mounted on an arm 29 which is itself pivotally mounted at 30 to the upper end of a rocker 31 carried by the shaft 32 and having its lower end 33 connected to an operating member 34 which maybe actuated from a going part of the loom such as a cam or the like. Extending from the carrier 27 is a lug 35, Fig. 1, to which is connected at 36 a rod 37 which may be actuated by a going part of the loom such as a cam or the like with the result that the carrier 27 and the pitch controlling element 28 are given a put out and put up movement, similar in this respect to the like movements imparted to the usual comb of a standard Axminster loom except that in the ordinary Axminster loom the comb, during its put out and put up movement, turns the legs of the tuft yarns upwardly and between the warp threads, and is then withdrawn and remains withdrawn until the introduction of another set of tuft yarns frontwardly of a holding weft shot, whereas in the present invention the warp pitch controller has its teeth projecting between the warp threads throughout the loom operation except on the beat up when it is temporarily withdrawn to permit the weft to be moved to the fell of the cloth.

The pitch controller 28, Fig. 7, is formed with three groups of teeth, a centre group 38 having the upper ends of the teeth beveled or inclined in two directions and the two side groups 39 and 40 having the ends of the teeth beveled towards the centre group, the result being that when the warp pitch controller is raised for engagement with the warp threads, the latter will be directed into the proper space between the teeth of the controller and consequently be maintained in or moved to their proper pitch distance.

The warp pitch controller as already explained is mounted below the warp and remains in its warp pitch controlling position at all times except during the beat up, and since the greatest contraction or shrinkage of the fabric at the fell of the cloth and the warp threads is manifested on the beat up, the present invention provides a selvage finger or plate which operates between the usual selvage cross and warp threads to maintain the widthwise spread of the warp during the time that the warp pitch controller is withdrawn for the beat up. This is an important feature of the present invention in maintaining the coordinated relation between the warp threads and the tuft yarn for the production of perfect cloth.

Secured to the uprights 13 of the loom frame are the brackets 41 to which is secured the downwardly extending arms 42, and mounted in the lower ends of the arms 42 is a rocker 43 carrying, in the present instance, a bell crank lever, the upper arm 44 of which carries the selvage finger or plate 45 which projects between the selvage cords and the Warp threads. The selvage finger or plate 45 may be secured to the upwardly extending arm 44 of the bell crank by any suitable means but as shown it is adjustably connected thereto by a set screw 46, Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The other arm 47 of the lever or bell crank is connected to a rod 48 which extends downwardly and is itself connected at 49 to an arm 50 secured to the rock shaft 51 mounted in suitable bearings 52 secured to the cross girth 2. Likewise secured to the rock shaft 51 is an arm 53. An adjustable link 54 connects the upper end of the arm 53 to the cam actuated arm 55 whose lower end is mounted for rocking movement at 56 in -a bracket 57.

The cam actuated arm 55 is normally under the influence of a spring 58 which serves to hold the roll 59 carried by said arm 55 against a circle or cam disk 60 which is itself mounted upon the cam shaft 61. The cam disk or circle has a number of cams 62 adiustably secured thereto as shown by a pin and slot connection 63, the construction being such that as the cam disk or circle is rotated, as indicated by the arrow,'the roll 59 of the cam actuated arm 55 will ride upon the circle or disk and thereby maintain the selvage finger or plate 45 in a back position, as indicated in Fig. 1. When, however, the roll 59 is actuated by one of the cams 62 the selvage finger or plate will be moved forwardly in timed relation with the lay movement to thereby place-the selvage finger or plate at or adjacent to the fell of the cloth or in a position as indicated in Fig. 4 and such selvage finger or plate will remain at or adjacent to the fell of the cloth as the roll 59 passes along the surface 64 of one of the cams 62 and then will ride down the opposite incline of the cam 62 to return the selvage finger or plate to its initial or rearward position.

As hereinbefore pointed out the warp pitch controller remains in its up position engaged with the warp threads to maintain them in their pitch relation at all times except on the beat up and is thereupon temporarily withdrawn as the lay and reed move forward. At this time widthwise contraction or shrinkage at the fell of the cloth and warp threads is liable to occur, to overcome which and maintain the .warp threads in their proper pitch relation the selvage finger or plate is moved towards or adjacent the fell of the cloth as the lay beats up and remains in this position until as the lay goes back and the warp pitch controller is again moved into operative position to hold the warp threads in their pitch relation the selvage finger or plate is moved backwardly to its original position. This condition and timing of parts is well indicated in Fig. 5 where it will be noted that the lay is going to its rearward position and the selvage finger or plate follows the lay backwardly only after the warp pitch controller has again assumed control of the warp threads. Thus during the entire operation of the loom the warp threads are maintained in their proper pitch relation and coordinated with .the tuft yarns without any shrinkage or widthwise contraction of the fabric or warp threads.

As indicated in Fig. 4 the tuft yarns have been placed about a holding weft shot, the spool frame and its tubes have been raised and the binding weft shot is being beaten to place. In Fig. 5 the tuft yarn has been cut or severed by the usual cutter bars 65 and 66, the lay has retreated from the fell of the cloth, the warp pitch controller has again engaged the warp threads and thereafter the selvage finger or plate is moved rearwardly:--

What is claimed is:--

1. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a warp pitch controller having teeth, means for moving the warp pitch controller to project the teeth between the warp threads to maintain the latter in proper laterally separated relation, 8. selvage finger or plate extending between the selvage cords and warp threads, and means for moving the selvage finger or plate towards the fell of the cloth on the beat up to maintain widthwise spread of the warp when the warp pitch controller is temporarily withdrawn from the warp on the beat up.

2. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a warp pitch controller having teeth, means for moving the warp pitch controller to project the teeth between the warp threads to maintain the latter in proper laterally separated relation, a selvage finger or plate extending between the selvage cords and warp threads, and held in position back ofthe fell of the cloth for the introduction of weft shots, and means for moving the selvage finger or plate towards the fell of the cloth on the beat up to maintain widthwise spread of the warps when the warp pitch controller is temporarily withdrawn from the warp on the beat up.

3. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a warp pitch controller having teeth, means for moving the warp pitch controller to project the teeth between the warp threads and maintain the latter in proper laterally separated relation, a selvage finger or plate operating between the selvage cords and warp threads, and means acting to move the selvage finger or plate to the fell of the cloth with the lay to prevent widthwise contraction of the warp when the pitch controller is withdrawn for the beat up and to move the selvage finger or plate back when the teeth of the pitch controller have been projected between the warp.

4. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a warp pitch controller mounted below the warp threads, means for moving the controller upwardly to maintain the warp threads in proper lateral separated relation and then downwardly on the beat up, a selvage finger or plate extending between the selvage cords and warp threads, and means for moving the selvage finger or plate towards the fell of the cloth on the beat up to maintain the widthwise spread of the warp when the warp pitch controller is withdrawn from the warps.

5. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a .varp pitch controller mounted below the warp threads and having three groups of teeth, comprising a center group having its teeth beveled in two directions, and two end groups having their teeth beveled upwardly towards the center group of teeth, that improperly spaced warp threads may be directed between the teeth into their proper pitch relation, means for raising the warp pitch controller to project the teeth between the warp threads after each beat up of the lay to maintain the warp threads in their proper pitch relation and to withdraw the pitch controller for the beat up, and a selvage finger or plate operating between the selvage cords and warp threads to maintain the pitch distance of the warp threads when the pitch controller is withdrawn for the beat up.

6. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a warp pitch controller having teeth movable between the warp threads to maintain the latter in their established pitch relation on each pick of the loom, a selvage finger or plate operating between the selvage cords and warp threads, an arm carrying said finger or plate and means including a cam for operating the arm to position the selvage finger or plate out of the path of the weft as it is inserted in the shed, then to move the selvage finger or plate towards the fell of the cloth to maintain the lateral spread of the warp when the pitch controller is withdrawn for the beat up, and then return the selvage finger or plate to its first position out of the path of the weft after the teeth of the pitch controller have been again projected between the warp threads.

7. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, means for introducing pile forming tuft yarns between the warp threads with the free ends of the tuft yarns resting against 8. In a tuft pile fabric loom, the combination of the lay having a reed, a selvage finger or plate 1 operating between the selvage cords and warp threads to prevent widthwise contraction or shrinkage of the warp, a cam, and operating connections between the cam and the salvage finger or plate for moving the latter towards the tell of the cloth on the beat up and then away from the fell of the cloth.

JOSEPH A. COYLE. 

